Mahatma Gandhi:
- Nationalism: Gandhi’s approach to nationalism was deeply rooted in non-violence (Ahimsa) and civil disobedience. He believed in achieving India’s independence through peaceful means and moral persuasion.
- Education: Gandhi’s philosophy of education emphasized character development, moral values, and practical skills. He promoted Nai Talim or basic education, emphasizing the importance of manual labor and self-sufficiency.
- Medium of Education: He advocated for vernacular languages as the medium of instruction to make education more accessible to the masses.
- Community-Centered: Gandhi’s education was community-centered, aiming to uplift the rural and marginalized sections of society.
Rabindranath Tagore:
- Nationalism: Tagore’s approach to nationalism was more cosmopolitan and spiritual. He criticized excessive patriotism and nationalism, emphasizing the need for universal humanism.
- Education: Tagore’s educational philosophy focused on holistic development, creativity, and individuality. He founded Santiniketan, an experimental school that encouraged open-air learning and artistic expression.
- Medium of Education: Tagore believed in the importance of the mother tongue but also stressed the value of global awareness through an international outlook.
- Internationalist: He was a proponent of internationalism and believed that education should transcend borders to foster understanding and cooperation among nations.
In summary, while both Gandhi and Tagore shared a deep love for their country, their approaches to education and nationalism differed significantly. Gandhi’s approach was grounded in non-violence and community-centered education, whereas Tagore’s approach was more cosmopolitan, emphasizing individuality, creativity, and internationalism.
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